ABSTRACT Purpose: Hancornia speciosa latex has shown pharmacological potential in wound healing processes due to its angiogenic, osteogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The aims of this study were to carry out a cream-gel formulation with 5, 10 and 25% of H. speciosa serum latex and to evaluate its potential to stimulate the skin regeneration in rats’ wounds. Methods: One hundred and twenty rats were divided into five groups: neutral control with saline (G1), cream-gel based on H. speciosa latex serum at 5% m/v (G2), cream-gel at 15% m/v (G3), cream-gel at 25% m/v (G4), and cream-gel (G5). The animals were euthanized at three, seven, 14 and 21 days after the injury induction, and some parameters were analyzed: wound contraction, necrosis, fibrin, polymorphonuclear and mononuclear infiltrates, fibroblast, angiogenesis, hemorrhage, and collagen. Results: The therapeutic treatment with cream-gel at 15 and 25% is beneficial in the inflammatory phase of healing processes since it increased the angiogenesis and proliferation of mononuclear infiltrations in wounds. Regarding wound contraction, the treatment with cream-gel (5 and 15%) induced a higher rate of contraction in the proliferative phase. The 15% cream-gel formulation stimulated a greater production of collagen in the injured tissues. Conclusions: H. speciosa cream-gel is a low-cost herbal medicine which can aid in tissue repair.

Resumo Córregos de baixa ordem localizados perto de áreas urbanas geralmente recebem águas residuais domésticas, industriais e agrícolas que afetam negativamente a qualidade da água do rio. Além disso, a poluição da água está associada à variações do uso da terra ao redor do rio, caracterizada pela urbanização não planejada, atividades agrícolas intensas e desmatamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi correlacionar o padrão de uso do solo com a qualidade físico-química e o potencial genotóxico da água em quatro pontos (P1 a P4) ao longo do rio Extrema, localizado em uma área industrial e agrícola do Brasil Central. Análises físico-químicas indicaram que a água coletada no rio Extrema é inadequada para consumo humano. Usando o modelo de Allium cepa, nenhuma evidência de citotoxicidade foi observada em nenhum momento; por outro lado, foi observado o potencial genotóxico dessas amostras de água. A correlação desses resultados com o uso do solo mostrou que a água coletada no P3 foi a mais contaminada; isso é provável devido ao influxo de águas residuais municipais e industriais e de águas residuais das atividades agrícolas. Resultados diferentes foram observados para P2 e P4, onde a análise do uso do solo atribuiu a qualidade da água às queimadas na floresta. Concluímos que diferentes usos do solo alteraram as características da água do rio e que os resultados obtidos pelo teste com A. cepa estavam mais relacionados às características do uso do solo do que aos parâmetros físico-químicos. Este estudo destaca a importância de associar o uso do solo ao potencial citogenotóxico da água.

Abstract Low-order streams located near urban areas usually receive domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters that negatively affect river water quality. Additionally, water pollution is associated with land-use variations around the river, which is characterized by unplanned urbanization, intense agricultural activities, and deforestation. This work correlated land-use patterns with physicochemical quality and genotoxic potential of water at four points (P1 to P4) along the Extrema River, located in an industrial and agricultural area of Central Brazil. Physicochemical analyses indicated that the water collected from the Extrema River is inappropriate for human consumption. Using the Allium cepa model, no evidence of cytotoxicity was observed at any point; in contrast, the genotoxic potential of these water samples was observed. The correlation of these results with land use showed that the water collected at P3 was the most contaminated; this is probably due to the inflow of wastewater from municipal, industrial, and agriculture activities. Different results were observed for P2 and P4, where land-use analysis attributed the water quality to forest burns. We concluded that differential use of the land changed the characteristics of the associated river water, and A. cepa parameters were more related to land-use characteristics than to physicochemical parameters. This study highlighted the importance of associating land use with the cyto genotoxic potential of water.